NSDAP Single Collar Tab Reichsleitung for an Ober-Gemeinschaftsleiter, from 1939
This NSDAP single collar tab (Einzelkragenspiegel) of the Reichsleitung for an Ober-Gemeinschaftsleiter from the period after 1939 represents a characteristic rank insignia from the late phase of the National Socialist party apparatus. The presence of a reverse RZM paper label confirms its authenticity and official manufacture through the Reichszeugmeisterei system.
The Reichszeugmeisterei (RZM) was founded in 1929 and was responsible for the central procurement, quality control, and distribution of all uniform parts and insignia of the NSDAP. After the seizure of power in 1933, this system was considerably expanded and standardized. From 1935 onward, the RZM introduced strict licensing procedures whereby only authorized manufacturers could produce party insignia. These manufacturers received specific RZM numbers, which were affixed on paper labels or metal stamps.
The rank of Ober-Gemeinschaftsleiter belonged to the complex hierarchy of the German Labor Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront, DAF) and related NS community organizations. The DAF, founded on May 10, 1933, under the leadership of Robert Ley, was the largest mass organization of the Third Reich with at times over 25 million members. It replaced the dissolved free trade unions and was intended to realize the “Volksgemeinschaft” (people's community) in the workplace.
The collar tabs of the Reichsleitung were distinguished by special design features. For functionaries of the Reichsleitung, the highest administrative level of the NSDAP, the insignia were typically rendered in gold or silver on a red background. The red base color was the traditional party color of the NSDAP since its founding. The design of the collar tabs was standardized through several ordinances and decrees during the 1930s.
The introduction of new uniform regulations from 1939 marked an important turning point in the development of NSDAP decorations. With the outbreak of war, uniform regulations were partially modified to save materials and rationalize production. At the same time, the rank structure was further differentiated to accommodate the growing bureaucracy of the NS state.
The format of the single collar tab, as opposed to a pair, is noteworthy. On many NSDAP uniforms, different insignia were worn on the left and right collar. The right collar tab frequently showed organizational affiliation, while the left indicated the specific rank within the organization. For functionaries of the Reichsleitung, the combination could vary.
The production technique of these collar tabs typically involved a base plate of felt or cloth, onto which metallic elements were sewn or appliquéd. High-ranking insignia often used higher-quality materials such as aluminum or silver threads. The quality of workmanship varied depending on the manufacturer and time of production, with wartime productions often being more simply executed.
The RZM paper label itself is of considerable value to collectors and historians. These labels typically contained the manufacturer's RZM number, sometimes also size and price information. Many of these paper labels have been lost over time, as they were removed or damaged when the uniforms were worn. Surviving examples with intact labels are therefore particularly valuable for documentation.
After 1945, all NSDAP insignia and symbols were banned by the Allies. Control Council Law No. 1 of September 20, 1945, decreed the dissolution of the NSDAP and all its branches. Public wearing of such insignia was made punishable by law. In the Federal Republic of Germany today, Section 86a of the Criminal Code regulates the handling of insignia of unconstitutional organizations, with historical and scientific purposes expressly exempted from the prohibition.
For military-historical research, such insignia offer important insights into the organizational structure of the NS regime. They document the meticulous hierarchization of society and the importance of visual symbols for the demonstration of power. The existence of specialized ranks such as the Ober-Gemeinschaftsleiter shows the penetration of all areas of life by the party organization.